Distributed hydrologic models subdivide an entire watershed into smaller units to represent heterogeneity within the watershed. Distributed parameter hydrologic models are being increasingly used in investigations of spatial scale and catchment heterogeneity as well as general rainfall–runoff applications.
Sivapalan and Kalma recognized that spatial and temporal scales generally lead to predictive uncertainty in distributed hydrologic modeling. Heterogeneity in urban watersheds presents a great complexity and so far has virtually challenged detailed description and/or measurement given the imposed human cover.
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